Spot the Fallacy
Spot the Fallacy

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Deep dives into logic, cognitive biases, and the art of debate.

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Biases

Cognitive Biases

Patterns in thinking that quietly distort judgment and decisions.

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Fallacies

Logical Fallacies

Argument flaws that make conclusions feel true without earning them.

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Pseudoscience

Pseudoscience

Claims that sound scientific but skip the rigor of real evidence.

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Cognitive Biases

Cognitive Biases2/9/2026

Anchoring Bias

Anchoring bias is relying too heavily on the first number or idea you hear, even when it is arbitrary.

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Cognitive Biases2/9/2026

Availability Heuristic

The availability heuristic is judging probability based on what is easiest to recall, not what is most likely.

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Cognitive BiasesPillar Article2/9/2026

Cognitive Biases List

A practical cognitive biases list with clear definitions and links to detailed guides.

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Cognitive Biases2/9/2026

Confirmation Bias

Confirmation bias is the tendency to notice and trust evidence that supports what we already believe.

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Cognitive Biases2/9/2026

Dunning-Kruger Effect

The Dunning-Kruger effect is when low skill creates high confidence because people lack awareness of their gaps.

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Cognitive BiasesPillar Article2/9/2026

An Introduction to Cognitive Biases

Cognitive biases are predictable thinking shortcuts that distort judgment. Learn why they happen, how they show up, and how to reduce their impact.

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Cognitive Biases2/9/2026

Survivorship Bias

Survivorship bias focuses on visible successes while ignoring the many failures that are not seen.

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Logical Fallacy

Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Appeal to Emotion

The appeal to emotion fallacy uses feelings as the primary evidence instead of reasons or facts.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Appeal to Fear

An appeal to fear tries to persuade by frightening people rather than presenting evidence.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Appeal to Ignorance

An appeal to ignorance claims something is true because it has not been proven false (or vice versa).

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Appeal to Nature

The appeal to nature fallacy assumes something is good or right simply because it is natural.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Appeal to Tradition

The appeal to tradition fallacy argues something is right because it has always been done that way.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Circular Reasoning

Circular reasoning uses the conclusion as one of its premises, providing no independent support.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Division Fallacy

The division fallacy assumes what is true of the whole must be true of each part.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Equivocation Fallacy

Equivocation shifts the meaning of a key word or phrase to make an argument seem valid.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

False Dilemma Fallacy

A false dilemma fallacy presents only two options when more possibilities exist, forcing an unnecessary choice.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Gambler's Fallacy

The gambler's fallacy assumes past random events make a future outcome more likely.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Genetic Fallacy

The genetic fallacy judges a claim based on its source rather than its evidence.

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Logical FallacyPillar Article2/8/2026

An Introduction to Logical Fallacies

Logical fallacies are predictable reasoning errors that make weak arguments feel strong. Learn the core patterns, why they work, and how to respond.

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Logical FallacyPillar Article2/8/2026

Logical Fallacies List

A complete logical fallacies list with clear definitions, links to detailed guides, and a roadmap for practicing critical thinking.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Middle Ground Fallacy

The middle ground fallacy assumes a compromise is always correct simply because it is between two extremes.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Moving the Goalposts

Moving the goalposts changes the criteria for success after those criteria have been met.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

No True Scotsman

The no true Scotsman fallacy redefines a group to exclude counterexamples and protect a claim.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Post Hoc Fallacy

Post hoc fallacy assumes that because one event followed another, the first caused the second.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Red Herring Fallacy

A red herring distracts from the original issue by introducing an irrelevant point or changing the subject.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Slippery Slope Fallacy

A slippery slope claims a small step will inevitably lead to extreme outcomes without evidence.

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Logical Fallacy2/8/2026

Tu Quoque Fallacy

Tu quoque dismisses a claim by accusing the speaker of hypocrisy instead of addressing the argument.

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Logical Fallacies Political Leaders Use
Logical Fallacy1/18/2026

Logical Fallacies Political Leaders Use

Political leaders often rely on predictable fallacies—straw man, false dilemmas, whataboutism, and fear appeals—to persuade quickly. Learn the patterns and defenses.

By Travis BlakeRead More →

Pseudoscience

Pseudoscience2/9/2026

Pseudoscience vs Science

A practical guide to telling science from pseudoscience using testability, transparency, and evidence quality.

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